How Digital Imaging Drone Technology Supports River Restoration

20 February 2026

Discover how we use one technology in myriad ways to support some very different river and catchment improvement, restoration and remediation projects

Digital imaging drone technology is transforming the way river restoration projects are planned, delivered and monitored. Once primarily used for military reconnaissance, modern drones are lightweight, digitally stabilised and often AI-assisted, making them powerful tools for environmental conservation. Today, they are widely used by organisations ranging from emergency services to river trusts, like ours.

We use drone surveys to support a wide range of river and catchment restoration work, including Natural Flood Management (NFM), fish passage barrier removal, and the remediation of pollution from historic metal mining. Drone technology saves time and money, improves accuracy, and enables more effective long-term monitoring. It also helps us communicate project outcomes to partners, funders, stakeholders and the public. In some cases modelling software allows us to virtually test different restoration scenarios before any work takes place.

Using Drones for Natural Flood Management Projects

Patrick Lane – Assistant Project Officer

“I work on an NFM project that uses drones alongside advanced modelling and analysis tools.

“When we begin work in a new area, we first carry out a drone survey to record baseline conditions. This allows us to assess watercourses, wet areas and key landscape features. Once we’ve identified suitable NFM interventions − such as scrapes, ponds, leaky dams, wetlands, hedgerows or reconnecting a watercourse to its floodplain, we create a fixed video of the site. This maps an exact flight path with precise GPS coordinates, essential for accurately monitoring change over time.

“Understanding how water moves across a site is especially important for landowners and partners. Drone data allows us to show how NFM measures increases water storage, improves infiltration and helps ‘slow the flow’. We combine drone footage with impact modelling software to clearly demonstrate how interventions are changing hydrology and reducing flood risk.”

A flooded stream running through the landscape

Drone Surveys for Mine Pollution Remediation

Ellen Shields – Senior Project Officer

“Drone technology plays a vital role in addressing the legacy of historic lead mining. Our drone surveys generate thousands of high-resolution images, which are stitched together to create an orthomosaic. This produces a highly detailed, geo-referenced map of a large area, allowing restoration interventions to be planned with pinpoint accuracy.

“Specialist drone surveys also help us analyse site topography as well as the distribution and health of vegetation. This type of multi-spectral environmental data is useful for identifying areas of high-risk erosion. Data analysis of drone footage can also help us to assess riverbed stability, erosion and sediment movement – information that is critical when designing effective remediation measures.

“Repeating drone surveys over time is a brilliant way to monitor progress, track vegetation recovery and determine areas that may require further work.”

An aerial view of a former metal mining site.

Improving Fish Passage and River Connectivity with Drones

Sarah Lonsdale – Project Manager

“One of my projects involves removing a ford, which can be significant barriers to fish migration, since many fish species rely on free movement between upper and lower catchments of a watercourse to access suitable spawning habitats.

“Drone footage has been invaluable in this project. It provides a clear aerial view of the beck and its hydrological features, including flow paths and channel structure. This allows us to understand exactly how water moves through the landscape and within the river channel itself. Drones also help us assess catchment characteristics such as riparian tree cover, channel modifications, barriers and areas of straightening.

“In this case, drone imagery has clearly shown how the ford is impounding water upstream. After the barrier is removed, we’ll carry out follow-up drone surveys to assess improvements in river hydrology. We’ll be looking for more diverse flow patterns, helping to create habitat niches, transport sediment and improve gravel quality − all essential for healthy fish spawning.”


If you are aware of a barrier to fish migration (such as a weir, culvert, ford or sluice) on a watercourse on your land within the catchments of the Swale, Ure, Nidd, Ouse or Wharfe and would like us to assess it, please email: enquiries@ydrt.co.uk

Drone footage of a ford in a beck and the surrounding landscape.
22 January 2026
Read our latest update here!
by Mary Boyd 24 November 2025
Mapping technology has enabled us to identify and prioritise catchments across the region that would benefit most from nature-based solutions (NbS) to help restore river health and mitigate flooding. Using software developed by national river restoration charity, The Rivers Trust, and applying it to 161 waterbodies in the catchments of the rivers Swale, Ure, Nidd, Ouse and Wharfe, we have been able to select 16 water bodies for their ability to deliver multiple benefits for rivers and nature. YDRT project officer Lucy Hyde said: “The mapping software has allowed us to review rivers and catchments against some key criteria including nutrient runoff from farming activities and silt erosion – both of which contribute extensively to rural waterbody pollution. We also looked for opportunities to increase riparian shading, which helps to keep rivers cool during increasingly warm summers and provides valuable habitats that benefit fish populations. “Interventions such as riparian tree planting or wetland creation not only intercepts nutrient and silt runoff through complex root structures, stabilising banks from further erosion, but also creates new habitats or connects existing habitats helping create ‘wildlife corridors’ for invertebrates, small mammals and birds.” Following the completion of the mapping phase, we are now looking to work in partnership with existing organisations, landowners, farmers, and other local stakeholders to deliver on the ground solutions. If you are interested in finding out more about this email: lucy.hyde@ydrt.co.uk The priority waterbodies are: Cotterdale Beck from Source to River Ure; Riccall Dam Catchment (trib of Ouse); Hebden Beck Catchment (trib of Wharfe); Oak Beck Catchment (trib of Nidd); Snaizeholme Beck from Source to Widdale Beck; Widdale Beck from Source to Snaizeholme Beck; Hambleton Beck/Ings Beck Catch (trib of Wharfe); Barden Beck Catchment (trib of Wharfe); Sand Beck from Source to River Swale; Park Gill Beck from Source to River Wharfe; Skeeby/Holme/Dalton Beck from Source to River Swale Brough Beck/Scotton Beck from Source to River Swale; River Skirfare from Source to Heselden Beck; River Ure from Source to Widdale Beck; Willow Beck Catchment (trib of Wiske); River Wiske from Source to the Stell You can view the entire map below:
YDRT testing Oak Beck outfall
4 November 2025
Read our latest update here!
Culvert in Harrogate
30 October 2025
Our major survey of Harrogate’s Oak and Bilton becks has uncovered that several misconnections in the drainage network are adding highly polluting discharges to the waters of both waterways. Read the full report to find out more about this important Outfall Safari survey – and watch the short info-reel to learn more about outfalls and how you can look after your local one. For those wanting to learn about the results and ask any questions in person, please come along to our public event on Wednesday 26 November, 6-8pm at St Peters Church, Harrogate.  Book your place by clicking on the button below:
RE-wriggling Brompton Beck on the Hauxwell estate
1 October 2025
Read our latest update here!
River Nidd
22 August 2025
River Ure
20 August 2025
We've achieved a lot over the last year - making a big impact on the rivers and catchments of the Swale, Ure, Nidd, Ouse and Wharfe - and you can read all about it in our 2024-25 Impact Report.
River Wharfe
30 July 2025
River Ure
30 June 2025
River SWale
by Mary Boyd 30 May 2025